Day 3 Hw Free Essays

MKTG 6323 Emerging Markets Spring 2013 Sarath Nonis CASE 3-2 Hong Kong Disneyland 1. What prompted the possible burdens experienced by Hong Kong Disneyland in its first year of activity? By what means ought to Hong Kong Disneyland amend its market circumstance? Social Adaptation: The Chinese didn't handily associate with the characters in the recreation center since they were new to the item; they appreciate concentrating on what they can purchase, eat, and bring home, and taking pictures and bringing them back home as opposed to the experience of being in the spot itself. Chinese Tourist Behavior: Going to Hong Kong implies a shopping experience, so they pick the less expensive one, which is Ocean Park; likewise, the Chinese individuals put a premium on training, where Ocean Park gives the instructive inclination. We will compose a custom exposition test on Day 3 Hw or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now Relationship with Travel Agents: The Hong Kong Disneyland didn't regard an excessive amount of thoughtfulness regarding building a connection transport with the trip specialists while Chinese voyagers rely a ton upon trip specialists. Therefore, the most ideal route for Hong Kong Disneyland is to deciding contrasts in the Chinese culture and receiving it; to comprehend Chinese vacationer conduct inside and out, at that point to deal with the weights of nearby interest regarding the need of Chinese customers and voyagers; attempt to give more consideration to building a relationship with the trip specialists. 2. How much could Hong Kong Disneyland adjust its item to Chinese customers without weakening its picture? Put progressively instructive materials about its picture. Taking photographs with Donald Duck at the Hong Kong Disneyland. Giving products which are associated its picture for visitor to purchase as endowments to bring home. 3. In what manner ought to Hong Kong Disneyland address rivalry? Extend the topic of the Hong Kong Disneyland; it ought to think about the way of life and practices of Chinese. For instance, interface the recreation center topic with children’s training. Slice the cost to make individuals think it is worth to pay. It ought to comprehend that trip specialists are the most significant deals direct in the territory China. It is extremely well known in terrain China to give a gathering rebate. Step by step instructions to refer to Day 3 Hw, Essay models

Leaving Home and Memories

Venturing out from home, truly, I ventured out from home, can you? Venturing out from home for me was very not normal for the venturing out from home of what I would call the standard thing. It December 27, 2009. That day I won’t overlook for as long as I can remember, that day when it was the adjustment in all things, that day when I was bidding farewell, the mournful farewells to family members and companions. Drawing nearer to time to venture out from home, I began to recollect and retell, in my mind, the self-contradicting recollections of leaving the caring home. As my family and I showed up to the air terminal, my heart was overwhelming, and I began to feel tragic as a result of what I abhor and I’ve consistently loathed, it is division from my closest companions, anyway I realized the opportunity has arrived to leave. I felt an agitating inclination in my heart and a sort of yearning to remain back until the end of time. And yet, I was energized. I have been considering what my life would become and what it could have been and, in the long run, I worked up the determination to leave and began another life. In the plane, I sat with shut eyes, remembering those great and affectionate recollections, I left behind. Like read about recollections? Peruse also Flashbulb memory! Today is a real existence change. It’s getting up me and sparing me, endeavoring forward glad, certain and strong, into a world that’s natural yet cordial. Into this new life my soul will send me, Living, giggling, and cherishing everything. Presently I’ve been lounging around this life, I can see exactly where everything went, Cherish each snapshot of this new life. Afterward, I woke up; I could hear the black out murmuring of the plane motors. We were over the Atlantic Ocean. I saw the excursion watcher demonstrated that lone 2 hours to go. I would have been in Canada after what appeared to be a lifetime of pausing, expectation, fixation on everything. I was going to contact down, to take a first Canadian breath of air, in just barely two hours, what an energizing inclination. I was unable to try and trust I rested in any case, however I had. After right around 2 hours, my father told that we are hovering above Canada. Canada! A grin assumed control over my face. I stayed there Looking out the window at the huge earth we live in. to some degree quieting being so high up over the mists, its tranquility, its peaceful, and entrancing. Without moment’s notice, I was shocked structure, my quieting meander to the sound of a belt light; the time had come to affix our safety belts as we were going to begin plummeting on Canada. At last, grins everywhere. Just minutes away before I knew it, I saw mists hurrying past my window, quicker and quicker, it resembled a snapshot of such expectation, regarding what will be toward the end, through the mists. What I will see, what will be my first picture, my first genuine representation of Canada? More mists surged past, to an ever increasing extent, I never thought it was going to end. It was humorous, where is it, I recollect that I continued reasoning, where is Canada, demonstrate yourself to me, â€Å"SHOW ME†. Inside three minutes, I looked down and I realized I was gazing into my new land, my new home. I know when I contact down, I’m not leaving for quite a while, I knew it. A short time later, I accepting a breath as I strolled through the passage. I saw the means, I appeared to tally what number of there where, I arrived at the last one, 17 stages, it was the last one, and I went down. I felt better, that first touch, that first second. I inhaled my first Canadian breath of air, all I thought at this time; this is a fabulous second in my life. It was Toronto in December, so it was cold. I could see my breath each time I talk. There were Glittering hills of feathery white day off, lit up with warm brilliant Christmas lights, stars twinkling in the night sky. It’s practically like a fantasy. The streets were long and ceaseless, obscurity slice through by incredible gleaming headlights. At the point when I went to the lodging, nobody was talking, we’re very worn out. I needed to take a hot, hot shower and simply go to my bed. I was truly worn out, be that as it may, I had the option to rest, I continued pondering my day. What's more, I was searching up for my future in this nation. All in all, To every one of you out there who are confronted with or pondering venturing out from home, value the sweet minutes and fight with all your mental fortitude against the harsh minutes until you locate your last home †at that point promise never to leave it.

Helping Ourselves Rioters Favorite Self-Help Books

Helping Ourselves Rioters Favorite Self-Help Books Recently, I had  a Book People Problem. My reading had slowed down to almost nothing but YA  re-reads and social media updates, but the process of trying to force myself to pick from my TBR list sent me through something like the stages of grief: denial (I dont have a problem), anger (I dont have a problem!), bargaining (ok, just one more chapter of Eclipse (again) then back to a new adult fiction), depression (I defiantly  continued on to Breaking Dawn (again)). Never made it to acceptance. So, I  turned to self-help. And then realized that we all have favorite self-help books we turn to in times of trouble, but we dont share them as easily as books from other genres. I put out the  call to Rioters, and now were sharing our  favorite self-help books, in the hope that our self-help can be group-helpful. Readers,  heal yourselves. Alison: Happier at Home  and The Happiness Project Blog by Gretchen Rubin I read Rubins book as as a reminder to get some balance back in my life. Or, in her subtitled words, Kiss More, Jump More, Abandon a Project, Read Samuel Johnson. And I liked it. Rubins  Happiness Project Blog  consists of  gentle reminders, quotes and anecdotes to brighten your busy, overstuffed days. I have been ignoring them. But this one, from my wife, clearly empathizing with my summertime non-reading pain (or just wanting me to shut up about it) struck a nerve: 13 Tips for Getting More Reading Done. Of the 13, two jumped out and smacked me across the head with their righteous, YES, common sense, duh simplicity: Read books you enjoy, and Dont fight your inclinations. Ive been trying so hard to keep up with current publications, I forgot that what I really love is a great re-read, particularly during those summer nights when vampires roam at twilight, wizards battle to preserve humanity, young orphan girls find loving new island homes, and farm girls turn into princess brides. I shouldve remembered this and given myself a break. At the end of the 13 Tips list, Rubin  includes  some get em done tips from authors, as well as this wonderfully priceless list from French author Daniel Pennac:  The 10 inalienable rights of the reader. Number one on this genius list? The right not to read. Consider my mind blown. Kelly: Daring Greatly by Brene Brown Brown’s book explores the value of feeling and working with the feeling of vulnerability while simultaneously learning how to let go of shame in order to reach toward your goals. There’s a lot of great food for thought on careers and goal attainment, but I think the thing that spoke to me the most in the book was how we build, cultivate, and nurture relationships with other people through vulnerability. It hit on a lot of things I value in my closest relationships in a way I hadn’t thought about before and in a way that made me pause and think about whether I offer to the people I love what they offer to me. This is less anecdotal for self-help and more research-based, and Brown gets into some great stuff about gender and how women and men express and internalize shame. I’d give this book to those in their mid-20s or older, especially to those who have a lot of drive and passion but don’t always feel like they’re fulfilling a lot of the things they really want to or who q uestion their strength/motivations/end goals. Also, this was way more valuable to me in my late 20s regarding changing relationships than any books about how friendships change as people grow up. Jenn Northington: Tiny Beautiful Things  by Cheryl Strayed It’s not technically a self-help book, but it’s the most emotionally resonant book I’ve ever had the pleasure to read. Tiny Beautiful Things collects both published columns from Strayed’s time as Dear Sugar on The Rumpus, as well as some that never made it to the website. Whether or not the problems she’s discussing are your own, Strayed is so good at getting to the core of a problem whether it’s an abusive relationship, a plague of self-doubt, general ennui, whatever that each essay will find its way into your brain and heart. I’ve given at least a dozen copies out as gifts, and my own is dogeared and tear-stained. (I highly recommend reading in private; ugly crying is entirely possible.) Rita Meade: I Don’t Care About Your Band: Lessons Learned from Indie Rockers, Trust Funders, Pornographers, Felons, Faux-Sensitive Hipsters, and Other Guys Ive Dated  by Julie Klausner The title really says it all, I think. If you’re going through a bad breakup or if you’re just sick of all the bad dates you’ve been on lately, grab this book. Trust me, it helps (and even if it doesn’t, you’ll laugh through it). Josh Corman:  So Good They Can’t Ignore You by Cal Newport Cal Newport, who’s got a really good blog called Study Hacks, delves into some of the myths surrounding happiness and its relationship to careers, while also examining the ways in which success is tied less to passion than it is to other things like, say, the autonomy your work allows you. What I loved about Newport’s book was its decidedly un-Tony Robbins, rah-rah, unleash your potential self-help tone. In the manner of something more like a Malcolm Gladwell book, Newport examines several cases of career success and failure and attempts to apply the lessons of those cases to the often challenging search for career satisfaction. Personally, the book gave me some helpful perspective on the patience often required in the search (often longer than we would like) for work-related peace of mind, all wrapped up in a thorough (and enjoyably counterintuitive) package. Peter Damien:  Zen In The Art of Writing by Ray Bradbury Initially, one might think this was a how-to book of some sort. A writing advice book. But really, it isn’t. You won’t learn very much about the mechanics of writing short stories or having a long and celebrated career, like the legendary Ray Bradbury, not from this tiny book comprised of various essays. Instead, what you’ll get is a powerful sense of living life joyfully, of being aware and engaged with the world around youand of blending both of these things with your sense of writing and storytelling. I come away a little happier with each reread, and I’ve read it hundreds of times over the years (my copy is on its last legs, sun-darkened, glue-crackling) and each time it bolsters me as a writer and a human. I come away feeling that life and stories are one vast toybox that I’m rummaging in, and Bradbury’s joy is so infectious, I can’t help but rush off and write a bunch of short stories just for the sheer pleasure of doing them. A tiny book of sheer bounding joy can not be anything but a self-help or , dare I say, a Medicine for Melancholy. Josh Hanagarne: This is How  by Augusten Burroughs I’m not a fan of Augusten Burroughs, and I loathe the self-improvement industry. But if there is one self-help book I could recommend, it’s this one. It is the antidote to affirmation culture. It is tough talk that is actually useful and applicable. It is actually useful. Finding a good self-help book is as simple as finding the author who resonates with you the most, at least for that book. This was it for me. It gave me things to try and didn’t pretend that it would all be okay if I could only just believe. It takes a village of readers, so please share. Whats your favorite self-help book, and what has it helped you with? Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Essay about Stress Mangement - 1077 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; STUDENT GUIDE - MANAGING STRESS Students Guide to Managing Stress This paper will address three aspects of stress a student may encounter. Those aspects are types of stress, symptoms of stress and managing stress. In the types of stress we cover environmental, physiological and social stressors. In looking at symptoms of stress we cover physical, emotional and cognitive symptoms. We conclude, by discussing managing stress where we cover time management, financial management and life management. Students Guide to Managing Stress In today’s corporate world it is advantageous, if not required, for an individual to have some type of degree. Many companies require degrees for†¦show more content†¦Students know money a major contributing factor of stress in every individual’s life. How are we going to pay next months rent, next semester’s tuition, books, food, etc? Stress comes in various types. Whether we realize it or not, students must be able to recognize symptoms of stress in order to know if their body or mind is affected. â€Å"Symptoms of stress appear in many forms. Some symptoms only affect the person who is directly experiencing stress. Other symptoms may have an impact on our relationships with others.† (Archer amp; Carroll, 2003, Stress and College Students, Para 5). This paper discusses the three categories of symptoms one encounters with stress. The first symptom that one might face deals with the physical aspect of their body. Have you ever worked on a project that gave you a headache after much thought? One might face this physical symptom. Muscular tensions, colds, ulcers and high blood pressure are but a few physical symptoms of stress (Archer amp; Carroll, 2003). Next are the emotional symptoms. Have you ever reached a point mentally where you were so overwhelmed you felt you could not go on? This is an example of an emotional symptom of stress. This is one of the most common emotional symptoms that a college student might face. Depression, anger and mood swings (Archer amp; Carroll, 2003) are also common emotional symptoms encountered when one is stressed. Last but not least are theShow MoreRelated Job Stress Essay3039 Words   |  13 Pagesabout job related stress. With many households depending on duel incomes, people are working more and having less leisure time. Many claim that job stress has contributed to such illnesses as heart disease, depression, gastric problems, exhaustion, and many other related illnesses. This paper will focus on the background issues surrounding stress; as well as, the steps that need to be taken by oneamp;#8217;s self and the employer. According to The Random House Dictionary, stress is defined as amp;#8220;physicalRead MoreJob Stress3148 Words   |  13 Pagesjob related stress. With many households depending on duel incomes, people are working more and having less leisure time. Many claim that job stress has contributed to such illnesses as heart disease, depression, gastric problems, exhaustion, and many other related illnesses. This paper will focus on the background issues surrounding stress; as well as, the steps that need to be taken by one#8217;s self and the employer. According to The Random House Dictionary, stress is definedRead MoreInterview With Chief Nursing Officer Essay865 Words   |  4 Pagesability act on your own and others good ideas), effort and energy, optimism (the ability to see a problem and turn it into an opportunity), perseverance (the ability to not give up easily), a good balance between work and life balance, ability to handle stress with a healthy outlook, and self-awareness (understanding of what motivates others and yourself) (Maji, 2009). Due to her being new to the organization in order to gain a better understanding of herself and the nursing directors each individual leaderRead MoreTaking a Look at Starbucks Coffee891 Words   |  4 Pagescoffee shop,the emphasis is no longer the coffee,but the culture and knowledge.Starbucks culture is actually around two themes efforts and knowledge , the core culture is the use of a comfortable environment as much as possible to help people broaden stress, and feel like stay at home, and nice music to make people to relax to do whatever they want to do, no body chasing you when you stay longer inside of the shop and there also no one to ask you for purchases another coffee. As different from otherRead MoreSpeech On Pitch Deck Structure979 Words   |  4 Pagesthe elements of a good pitch deck and an intriguing storytelling model. More importantly, how at different parts of your startup life you might want to used different structures. The different ways to sell your startup idea to an investor I can’t stress this enough but pitch decks really are like stories. And just like there are plenty of ways to tell a story, there are different ways you can structure a pitch deck. If you start looking for pitch decks, you’ll find pages full of templates and suggestionsRead More Leadership Style of Men and Women Essays1307 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement practice, now strongly associated with a consultative style and a high level of interpersonal skills. Our research shows that many female managers are uncomfortable with the imposed leadership style and this, in turn, can lead to severe stress. Most senior female managers have no children, believing that the combination of a career and a family is untenable. This is in stark contrast to the majority of senior male managers who have children and a wife at home to support them. Today’s cultureRead MoreThe Effects of Child Abuse596 Words   |  2 Pageslike being bipolar or anger mangement) Get any type of notorious reputation off ( if they have any ) and finally start giving the child attention and respect including no beating or any harm being done to the child . The end result for this would be that more children would live a happier life this affecting the people around them in a much more positive way . Although this result isnt 100% accurate because the child may have other things going on in their life, the stress of them coming home to aRead MorePsychology1709 Words    |  7 Pagestheir death; for example, they may suddenly finalize their will or suddenly pay off any existing debts. However, individuals contemplating committing suicide may not exhibit all (or even any) of these warning signs. Thus, psychology professionals stress the importance of recognizing any sudden divergence from an individual’s usual behavior and then immediately seeking professional psychiatric help for him or her. After one or more of these warning sign behaviors have been noticed by a friend orRead MoreHome First Program in Markham Stouffville Hospital1124 Words   |  5 PagesBastable, S. B. (2008). Nurse as Educator: Principle of Teaching Learning for Nursing Practice. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Toronto, Ontario, Canada Bricker, P. W. (2011). There’s no place like home: Place and care in an aging society. Care Mangement Journals. 12(1), 39 Bastable, S.B. (2008). Nurse as educator: Principles of teaching and learning for nursing practice. (3rd Ed). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. Canadian Institute for health Information (CIHI) . (2011). Health care in Canada, 2011:Read MoreStrategic Leadership and Decision-Making: Ethics and Values3428 Words   |  14 Pagescompliment loses its value the longer it is delayed. * Praise the deed, not the person. It is not who the person is but what he or she does that is important. * What holds true for praise also, to a great extent, holds true for censure. * Stress the positive aspect, encourage the employee to build up skills and proficiency in his or her weak area. * Concentrate on performance and those aspects of personal bahaviour that are distinctly job-related. * When possible be indirect, but

The Christmas Story From the Gospel of Luke in Spanish

The classic story of the first Christmas from the Gospel of Luke has enchanted readers for centuries. Here is that story from the traditional  Reina-Valera Spanish translation of the Bible, a translation whose cultural importance is comparable to that of the King James Version of the Bible in English and comes from the same era. Lukes Christmas account is one that many English readers will recognize as beginning with And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus that all the world should be taxed. Boldfaced words are explained in the vocabulary guide below. San Lucas 2:1-20 Acontecià ³ en aquellos dà ­as que salià ³ un edicto de parte de Cà ©sar Augusto, para levantar un censo de todo el mundo habitado. Este primer censo se realizà ³ mientras Cirenio era gobernador de Siria. Todos iban para inscribirse en el censo, cada uno a su ciudad. Entonces Josà © tambià ©n subià ³ desde Galilea, de la ciudad de Nazaret, a Judea, a la ciudad de David que se llama Belà ©n, porque à ©l era de la casa y de la familia de David, para inscribirse con Marà ­a, su esposa, quien estaba encinta. Acontecià ³ que, mientras ellos estaban allà ­, se cumplieron los dà ­as de su alumbramiento, y dio a luz a su hijo primogà ©nito. Le envolvià ³ en paà ±ales, y le acostà ³ en un pesebre, porque no habà ­a lugar para ellos en el mesà ³n. Habà ­a pastores en aquella regià ³n, que velaban y guardaban las vigilias de la noche sobre su rebaà ±o. Y un à ¡ngel del Seà ±or se presentà ³ ante ellos, y la gloria del Seà ±or los rodeà ³ resplandor; y temieron con gran temor. Pero el à ¡ngel les dijo: No temà ¡is, porque he aquà ­ os doy buenas nuevas de gran gozo, que serà ¡ para todo el pueblo: que hoy, en la ciudad de David, os ha nacido un Salvador, que es Cristo el Seà ±or. Y esto os servirà ¡ de seà ±al: Hallarà ©is al nià ±o envuelto en paà ±ales y acostado en un pesebre. De repente aparecià ³ con el à ¡ngel una multitud de las huestes celestiales, que alababan a Dios y decà ­an:  ¡Gloria a Dios en las alturas, y en la tierra paz entre los hombres de buena voluntad! Acontecià ³ que, cuando los à ¡ngeles se fueron de ellos al cielo, los pastores se decà ­an unos a otros: Pasemos ahora mismo hasta Belà ©n y veamos esto que ha sucedido, y que el Seà ±or nos ha dado a conocer. Fueron de prisa y hallaron a Marà ­a y a Josà ©, y al nià ±o acostado en el pesebre. Al verle, dieron a conocer lo que les habà ­a sido dicho acerca de este nià ±o. Todos los que oyeron se maravillaron de lo que los pastores les dijeron; pero Marà ­a guardaba todas estas cosas, medità ¡ndolas en su corazà ³n. Los pastores se volvieron, glorificando y alabando a Dios por todo lo que habà ­an oà ­do y visto, tal como les habà ­a ido dicho. Vocabulary and Grammar Notes Acontecer usually means to happen. It is found mostly in older literature; modern speakers would more likely use pasar, sucedir, or ocurrir. Aquellos is a demonstrative adjective meaning those. Aquellos suggests a more distant point in time than another demonstrative, esos, which also is used for those. By itself, parte is often the equivalent of part in the sense of portion. However, the phrase de parte de is used to indicate who something is coming from, somewhat like on the part of. Todo el mundo, literally all the world, is a common idiom usually translated as everybody. Realizar is usually better thought of as meaning to make real rather than to realize. It is a common  way of saying that something came to be. Iban and fueron are  forms of the verb ir, to go, which has a strongly irregular conjugation. Belà ©n refers to Bethlehem, one of many city names that are substantially different in English and Spanish. Alumbramiento can refer to either physical illumination or the delivery of a baby. Similarly, the idiom dar a luz (literally, to give light) means to give birth. Primogà ©nito is the equivalent of firstborn. Primo- is related to primero, the word for first, and -genito comes from the same root word as genetic. A pesebre is a manger. Although pastor can be the equivalent of pastor, here it refers to a shepherd. A rebaà ±o is a flock. Although Seà ±or here is the equivalent of Lord, it usually is used in modern Spanish as the equivalent of Mr. Se presentà ³ is an example of a reflexive verb usage, which is more common in Spanish than in English. A literal translation would be presented himself, although it could be more simply be translated as appeared. Pueblo here is a collective noun meaning people. It is grammatically singular but plural in meaning. De repente is an idiom meaning immediately. De prisa is an idiom meaning hurriedly. Al verle is an example of using al with an infinitive. Here the indirect object pronoun le is attached to the infinitive ver. Al in this type of construction is often translated as upon, so al verle means upon seeing him. Medità ¡ndolas is an example of attaching a direct object pronoun, las, to a gerund, meditando. Note that the addition of the pronoun requires the addition of an orthographic accent to the third syllable.

Breaking A Cultural Rule About Gender Free Essays

It is important to note important terms in this paper such as gender, gender roles and patriarchal society. Gender is a distinguishing form used to differentiate between a male and a female. Although gender is mostly referred by us as sex there is still a noticeable difference between the two terms. We will write a custom essay sample on Breaking A Cultural Rule About Gender or any similar topic only for you Order Now This difference is basically more on the fact that gender refers more to a social construction wherein sex refers to a biological condition. Gender roles are most commonly found in a particular social group or system. Gender roles refer to a set of behavioral norms that are usually connected with males or females. Of course, gender roles differ from one place to another. In most countries females are treated almost as an equal to that of males. However, there are still countries which remain rigid with their beliefs that men are superior to that of women and they even support the Platonic view that women are incomplete men. Of course these kinds of beliefs are the primary reasons why many women are enraged and thus many movements are formed which aims to liberate women from their restricted roles in the society. One may wonder why it is the case that even though many feminists movement already emerged, the successes of these movements are still considered limited. On my own viewpoint, I think the reason lies on the numbers of feminists’ movements that emerged. With so many forms of these movements, they find it hard to solidify themselves into one movement which would liberate women once and for all. Due to different beliefs and contrasting viewpoints, women themselves argue with each other as to what they should be fighting about. However, one common belief between these numerous groups of women lies on the fact that the cause of repression and marginalization among women lies within the patriarchal society. Patriarchal society emerged from the belief that fathers should be the one to take good care of the welfare of their family. It is through this that the belief that men should take the bulge of the responsibility for their community emerged. One can easily see the reason why women consider patriarchy to be the one to blame for their conditions. As for me, the only difference between a man and a woman lies on their biological differences, nothing more and nothing less. It is common knowledge that we are living in a society which is filled with rules and roles. There are things that only men can do as there are things that only women are expected to do. As a woman, the society expects you to be gentle and you should take care of your family in such a way that a woman must make sure that her family is well-feed, properly clothe and the like. Common expectations from men on the other hand lies on the fact that they are physically tougher than women and thus men are expected to act tough. Most men are afraid to show their weaknesses and they seldom cry even though they so wanted to. Men are also expected to take care of his family, though in a different way from that of a woman. The taking care expected from a woman is very minimal as compared to those from men. Women are expected to do the household chores, to cook the food that would feed her family and the like. Men on the other hand, are expected to provide the means or the resources needed by his family. Men should be the bread-winner in their family and this is primarily the reason why a man takes it hard when a woman feeds her family. This kind of scenario is most common in a family where the man can’t find a job and thus it fells on the woman’s responsibility to make sure that their family have the resources they need in order to survive. Most men can’t take this kind of living and their prides suffers great damage. Anyhow, such are most of the common gender rules our society are boxed in. It is from the examples stated above from where I got the idea of what kind of gender rule I should break. As a woman, if you want to be respected by the people around you, you should act the way a woman should. Of course there are many ways on which a woman can choose to act but a respectable woman is expected to act with finesse and she should not act loosely if she does not want to be treated like a slut. One can see how unfair it is that men can do what they want without worrying to what it could possibly cause them in most cases. For example, if a girl decides to have two or more boyfriends the society would brand her as a slut. If a guy on the other hand decides to have two or more girlfriends then he is considered great among his peers and it would not do much damage to his reputation as compared to the damage a similar act could inflict upon a woman. If a man was insulted he can easily take revenge by fighting back. A woman, on the other hand cannot do the same thing because it would be unwomanly to act in such a way. Of course women fighting each other are a natural phenomenon on slums and places of such sorts but women who had proper education are expected by their society to act in a more finesse manner. It was this kind of experience I would share in this paper. For this project I asked a friend of mine for her help. I asked her to pretend that we fell into a fight and that we should go on with our act for a number of days. This friend of mine which I would hide in the name Anne had been my friend for as long as I can remember and thus we have a common circle of friends. However, Anne is studying from a different school than mine and thus she’s got friends whom I don’t know as I do have mine. Now the scenario we decided to portray is to fool our friends into believing that we really fell into deep hatred with each other and this particular conflict could not be resolved in any way. The reason of the fight would be something really deep that both of us would not want to discuss with any of our friends. To make matters worse I would pretend that Anne has been doing things to me which I can’t tolerate wherein Anne on the other hand would appear weak in front of her friends and she would tell stories of how badly I acted with her. On the first day of our fight nobody really believed that we have been fighting each other. However, as the time moved our fiends slowly got into believing that we really are fighting with each other. Our first approach had been exchange of hurtful words but these did not convince our friends and so on our third day of acting we tried to act a little harsher and thus we ended slapping each other. Of course the slapping happened in a public place of all places and it is needless to say that the experience had been really embarrassing. It had been such a hard task fooling our friends but we finally convinced them when Anne and I got a little physical. There are so many things I’ve expected out of what happened. I expected that some of our friends would side with her wherein some would side with me. However there are also a number of things which occurred which I haven’t expected. Some of Anne’s friends from her school convinced Anne to wait for me on my way home and in order not to drop our act Anne let her friends convinced her. It was only through a text message that I’ve escaped from an encounter with her friends. Another thing I did not expect is a friend of mine which I would hide in the name Toby really sided with Anne at first. Toby called me after learning about what happened and he asked me how I managed to act in such a way. He even went as far as to say that he didn’t expect it from me of all people to act in such a way. However, after explaining my self Toby apologized and decided to stay neutral. He later said that what made him act rashly is the fact that Anne had been very pitiful in recounting her story. Of all the things which I’ve expected the only thing which happened is that out group of friends really divided themselves between Anne and me. However, there are some who remained neutral and worked themselves hard to bridge the gap between Anne and me. Of the experience I have learned how society treats catfights differently from male fights. Of course if male friends fell into dispute similar thing could also happen (splitting of friends, etc. ). However, male fights are more common than catfights especially if things get physical. My mother winded up with what happened and she really boxed my ears after learning of my fight with Anne. She then went on to lecture that an educated woman does not act in such a way and that it is very childish and unladylike of me to get myself involved in such a fight. Many hurtful things and judgment also befell on me and Anne that I am glad that our acting is finally over. Upon experiencing this I have learned that though women appears to be equal to that of their male counterparts nowadays, such is still not really the case. Men can do most things without ruining their name and reputations wherein a woman would have to endure demeaning words, stares and the like if she decided to act contrary to what was expected of her. In terms of fighting a guy is more justified to defend his self to that of a woman. When you are a guy you can do almost anything and people wouldn’t say a thing about it. You can pick a fight whenever you feel like it and people would only consider it natural some would even went as far as to say that he’s a real and admirable man to be able to handle such a fight and the like. Such things got no place for women and thus catfights are considered as a form of entertainment by some (based from my experience). Besides when I tried to justify myself by asking a friend of mine how is he different from me when he himself fights for what he believes in he answered that he is a man and I’m a woman as if that alone is answer enough. Such is the unfairness of the patriarchal society we are living in today. No wonder many oppose this kind of society. However, I believe that if women really want to get out of the box society put them into they should do so by giving up the benefits they enjoy in this kind of patriarchal society simply on the basis that they are a woman. Reference: http://www. britannica. com http://education. yahoo. com http://www. infoplease. com How to cite Breaking A Cultural Rule About Gender, Papers

Competitive Strategy 3M Pharmaceuticals

Question: Describe about the Competitive Strategy for 3M Pharmaceuticals. Answer: Introduction For this research essay, I would like to select Food/Beverage Industry and Pharmaceutical Industry as research industries. Along with this, I would like to pick Coca-Cola Amatil, McDonalds Australia, 3M Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd. and Cipla Australia Pty Ltd. as research companies. Moreover, it should be noted down that, the companies Coca-Cola Amatil and McDonalds Australia are linked to Food/Beverage industry. The companies 3M Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd and Cipla Australia Pty Ltd are related to pharmaceutical industry. On the other hand, this research essay would be beneficial to portray the Adaptation, Aggregation and Arbitrage theories or AAA framework in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. Also, the essay would also be useful to illustrate that how the selected industries and companies have used Adaptation, Aggregation and Arbitrage theories to pursuit their businesses. AAA Framework/ Adaptation, Aggregation and Arbitrage Theories In todays globalized era, most of the organizations are focusing on AAA framework or adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage theories to expand and pursuit their business in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. Along with this, the adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage theories play a significant role in order to improve the overall market position and market share of businesses in the global market (Buckley and Ghauri, 2015). Moreover, with the help of these theories, the business organizations those work in different industries become able to accomplish competitive advantages over the competitors. The adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage theories are also valuable for the business firms in order to make effective utilization of available resources and to improve organizational efficiency in an effectual and an appropriate manner (Heinecke, 2011). On the other hand, it should also be noted down that, the selected business organizations also adopt and implement the adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage theories in order to pursuit their business effectually. The below given table is helpful to understand that how these different business organizations used the adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage theories for the overall development of the businesses: Theory Name Pharmaceutical Industry Food/ Beverage Industry 3M Australia Cipla Australia Coca-Cola Amatil McDonalds Adaptation Innovation Externalization Variation Innovation Aggregation Geographic Administrative Geographic Cultural Arbitrage Improve Performance Reduce Cost Improve Performance Decline Risk On the other hand, the adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage theories those are used by the business firms are described as below: Adaptation Theory: Adaptation theory plays a significant role in order to improve market share and profitability of business organizations. Along with this, according to this theory, business firms need to modify their business models components in order to meet requirements and preferences of customers. This theory also plays an important role in the value creation of the business organizations. On the other hand, adaption theory involves a lot of methodologies and approaches for the growth and success of the business (Lee, Jeon, Kim and Kim, 2010). For case, innovation, focus, variation, design and externalization are the major approaches those are used by business industries and business firms for the overall development of the businesses. The adoption theory is widely used by Food/ Beverage Industry in order to pursuit its business in an effective and an appropriate way. At the same time, it should also be noted down that, the food beverage company Coca-Cola Amatil uses variation approach in order to fulfill the needs and wants of customers properly (CCA. 2016). In current, different food beverages companies are offering different products to their customers. For that reason, Coca-Cola Amatil also uses variation approach to meet local requirements or preferences in a proper way. Moreover, it should also be noted down that, DietCoke, Fanta, Sprite, Vox (vodka), Bisleri, Coca-Cola Vanilla, Nestea, Vodka O, Coca-Cola Zero, Sprite Zero, Lift, Kirks, Powerade, and so on are the major variants of the products that are offered by Coca-Cola Amatil to fulfill the needs and wants of customers. It means that Coca-Cola Amatil used variation method to provide unique products and to create unique image in the eyes of its customers (Tihanyi, Pedersen, Devinney and Banalieva, 2015). Apart from this, Coca-Cola Amatil also uses variation approach to attract new cust omers and to retain existing customers of all the age groups in an effective and a significant manner. On the other hand, it should also be noted down that, McDonalds Australia also focuses on adaption strategy to pursuit its business in an effective way. McDonalds uses innovation adaptation approach to accomplish its goals objective and to accomplish competitive advantages in a specified time period. McDonalds Australia makes a lot of efforts to maintain innovation within the company (McDonald's Australia. 2016). Moreover, it should also be noted down that McDonalds is continuously offering innovative products and services to its customers. McDonalds Australia uses innovative promotional strategies to promote its products or services in the marketplace. In addition to this, McDonalds also focuses on the innovative product designs in order to attract more and more customers for the growth and success of the organization. The innovation approach of adaption theory plays a critical role to improve market position, market share, productivity, and profitability and to offer competitive a dvantages to McDonalds Australia (Gooderham, Gooderham and Grgaard, 2013). Along with this, 3M Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd or 3M Australia also uses innovation adaption approach in order to pursuit its business in the market. It is because of the Australian market mainly focuses on continual improvement as well as incremental innovation (3M Australia. 2016). For that reason, innovation is essential in order to survive in todays more complex and competitive business era. Moreover, with the help of innovation approach, 3M Australia makes a lot of efforts to improve and maintain innovation in its products/services. 3M Australia also modifies the components of its business model to meet local requirements or preferences in a proper way (Hubbard, Rice and Galvin, 2014). On the other hand, it should also be noted down that, Cipla Australia Pty Ltd adopts and implements externalization strategy to accomplish the goals and objectives of the business. Moreover, with the help of this strategy, Cipla Australia focuses on strategic alliances, networking, and franchises to fulfill local requirements and to reduce costs or risks related to business in an effective and a more comprehensive manner (Cipla Australia Pty Ltd. 2016). On the whole, it can be said that, adaptation strategy is used by business firms to pursue the business and to improve market position in the global marketplace. Aggregation Theory: Aggregation theory plays a critical role to accomplish economies of scale or scope all the way through creating regional or global efficiencies. Aggregation theory focuses on standardization and value proposition to pursuit business in an effective and a significant manner. Along with this, geographic, economic, cultural, and administrative are the major approaches that come under the aggregation theory (Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Zentes, 2015). Moreover, different business firms use different approaches of aggregation theory to accomplish competitive advantages effectively. Along with this, it should be noted down that, Coca-Cola Amatil uses geographic approach in order to retain all the customers in a proper way. Also, with the help of this, Coca-Cola is able to locate its plants and stores in the different geographical locations. The geographic approach plays a significant role to provide competitive advantages and to improve market share as well as position of the firm (Mauri and de Figueiredo, 2012). On the other hand, McDonalds Australia adopts and implements cultural approach to fulfill the needs and wants of the different cultural people. The cultural aggregation approach is also beneficial to reduce the costs and to improve the revenues of McDonalds. Moreover, with the help of cultural approach, McDonalds becomes able to understand the tastes and preferences of its customers and also alters the components of business model to meet the requirements or preferences of the customers. On the other hand, it should also be noted down that, pharmaceutical industry or companies mainly focus on administrative and geographic approaches to pursuit their businesses in the international market. For example, 3M Australia focuses on geographic aggregation approach to place its stores and plants in different geographical areas. Moreover, with the help of this approach, 3M Australia also building strategic partnerships with local customers and partners in order to develop its unique image in the minds of customers (Jha, Dhanaraj and Krishnan, 2015). Apart from this, Cipla Australia uses administrative aggregation approach in order to establish its new outlets in different geographical locations in order to target more customers. Also, with the help of this strategy, Cipla Australia become able to develop strong chains to attract new customers and to retain existing customers in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. In general, it can be said that, aggregation strategy is also used by business organizations in order to improve their position in the international market. Arbitrage Theory: Arbitrage theory illustrates economic and other differences between regional or national markets. This theory also plays a significant role to order to establish separate parts of the supply chain in diverse places. This strategy is essential to create global advantages for business organizations. Along with this, performance improvement, cost reduction, risk minimization, etc. are the major arbitrage approaches or strategies that are implemented by business organization to achieve competitive advantages and to improve organizational efficiency in an effective and an appropriate manner (JovanoviĆ¡, TodoroviĆ¡ and Komazec, n.a.). Moreover, the pharmaceutical industry and food/beverage industry also use arbitrage theory to expand their businesses at the global level. Along with this, it should be noted down that, Coca-Cola Amatil used performance improvement arbitrage approach to expand its business in different geographical areas. Moreover, with the help of this ap proach, Coca-Cola becomes able to improve its overall performance and market position in an effective way. On the other hand, McDonalds Australia uses risk minimization strategy in order to reduce different operational and administrative costs properly. Also, by using this approach, McDonalds established separate parts of its supply chain in various places. This strategy is also beneficial for the firm to reduce added costs and to improve marketability goodwill at the global level (Ramsey, Alvim, Forteza and Micheloni, 2010). Along with this, 3M Australia also used performance improvement arbitrage approach to improve organizational performance and effectiveness in an effective way. This approach is also beneficial for 3M to establish supply chains in different geographic locations in order to target more customers. Moreover, with the help of this approach, 3M become able to improve its performance in both local and global market. Apart from this, Cipla Australia used cost reduction arbitrage strategy to produce goods service at lower costs. For case, with the help of this approach, Cipla become able to utilize the available resources and reduce costs of products effectively. The firm also becomes able to develop strong relationship with the local suppliers to improve its bargaining power and to offer products to customers at a very lower cost (Outterson, 2013). Also, this strategy is also beneficial for the firm in order to identify and evaluate supply chains and market risks in an appropriate way. In a ddition, with the help of this approach, Cipla become successful to differentiate itself from competitors. Hence, it can be said that, business organizations adopt and implement adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage theories to pursuit their businesses in todays competitive business environment. Conclusion On the premises of the above discussion, it can be assumed that, AAA framework (Adaptation, Aggregation and Arbitrage) is valuable for the growth and success of the business organizations. Moreover, it is also observed that, business firms must adopt and implement adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage theories to pursuit of their business in an effective and an appropriate manner. Along with this, it is also scrutinized that, with the help of these theories, business firms would be able to maintain their reputation and to improve their market positions in the international marketplace. In conclusion, it can be said that, in order to accomplish competitive advantages and long term profits, business companies must adopt and implement these theories in an effective and a proper manner. References 3M Australia. (2016). About Us. Available At: https://www.3m.com.au/3M/en_AU/company-au/?WT.mc_id=www.3m.com.au [Accessed On: 6th Sep. 2016] Buckley, P.J. and Ghauri, P.N. (2015). International Business Strategy: Theory and Practice. NY: Routledge. CCA. (2016). About Us. Available At: https://www.ccamatil.com/ [Accessed On: 6th Sep. 2016] Cipla Australia Pty Ltd. (2016). About Us. Available At: https://www.cipla.com/en/australia.html [Accessed On: 6th Sep. 2016]. Gooderham, P.N., Gooderham, P.N. and Grgaard, B. (2013). International Management: Theory and Practice. UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. MC Heinecke, P. (2011). Success Factors of Regional Strategies for Multinational Corporations: Appropriate Degrees of Management Autonomy and Product Adaptation. USA: Springer Science Business Media. Hubbard, G., Rice, J. and Galvin, P. (2014). Strategic Management. Australia: Pearson Australia. 3M Jha, S., Dhanaraj, C. and Krishnan, R. (2015). HOW DOES MULTINATIONAL RD EVOLVE IN EMERGING MARKETS? Available At: https://www.imd.org/research/publications/upload/2015-2-How-Does-Multinational-RandD-Evolve-in-Emerging-Markets-13-04-15.pdf JovanoviĆ¡, M., TodoroviĆ¡, I. and Komazec, S. (n.a.). THE NEED FOR A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING A GLOBAL STRATEGY. Econophysics, Sociophysics Other Multidisciplinary Sciences Journal (ESMSJ) Staff, p.26. Lee, S.H., Jeon, R.K., Kim, J.H. and Kim, J.J. (2010). Strategies for developing countries to expand their shares in the global construction market: phase-based SWOT and AAA analyses of Korea. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 137(6), pp.460-470. Mauri, A.J. and de Figueiredo, J.N. (2012). Strategic patterns of internationalization and performance variability: effects of US-based MNC cross-border dispersion, integration, and outsourcing. Journal of International Management, 18(1), pp.38-51. McDonald's Australia. (2016). About Maccas. [Online]. Available at: https://mcdonalds.com.au/about-maccas [Accessed On: 6th Sep. 2016]. Morschett, D., Schramm-Klein, H. and Zentes, J. (2015). Strategic International Management: Text and Cases. USA: Springer. Outterson, K. (2013). Pharmaceutical Arbitrage: balancing access and innovation in international prescription drug markets. Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law, and Ethics, 5(1), p.4. Ramsey, J.R., Alvim, F., Forteza, J.H. and Micheloni, J. (2010). International value creation: An alternative model for Latin American Multinationals. GCG: Revista de Globalizacin, Competitividad and Gobernabilidad, 4(3), pp.62-83. Tihanyi, L., Pedersen, T., Devinney, T.M. and Banalieva, E. (2015). Emerging Economies and Multinational Enterprises. UK: Emerald Group Publishing.

Pepsi Co Strategic Management Essay Example

Pepsi Co Strategic Management Paper Background ?Established in 1965 PepsiCo created in 1965 through the merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay ? In 1997, publicly traded company to focus PepsiCo on food and beverages. ?The world’s largest snack and beverage company in 2006 In 2006, PepsiCo has approximately $35billion net revenue ?The company is broken into four business divisions: ?Frito-lay North America Frito-Lay North America manufactures, markets, sells and distributes salty and sweet snacks. Products manufactured and sold in North America include Lay’s and Ruffles brand potato chips, Doritos and Tostitos brand tortilla chips, Cheetos brand cheese-flavored snacks, Fritos brand corn chips, a variety of branded dips and salsas and Rold Gold brand pretzels. Low-fat and no-fat versions of several brands are also manufactured and sold in North America. ?PepsiCo Beverages North America Pepsi-Cola North America manufactures concentrates of brand Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Mug, Slice, Fruitworks, Sierra Mist and other brands for sale to franchised bottlers. PCNA also sells syrups to national fountain accounts. PCNA markets and promotes its brands. PCNA also manufactures, markets and distributes ready-to-drink tea and coffee products through joint ventures with Lipton and Starbucks and licenses the processing, distribution and sale of Aquafina bottled water. In addition, PCNA manufactures and sells Dole juice drinks for distribution and sale by Pepsi-Cola bottlers. ?PepsiCo International Pepsi-Cola International manufactures concentrates of brand Pepsi, 7UP, Mirinda, KAS, Mountain Dew and other brands internationally for sale to franchised bottlers and company-owned bottlers. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Co Strategic Management specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Co Strategic Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Co Strategic Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer PCI operates bottling plants and distribution facilities in various international markets for the production, distribution and sale of company-owned and licensed brands. PCI markets and promotes its brands internationally. Principal international markets include Mexico, China, Saudi Arabia, India, Argentina, Thailand, the United Kingdom, Spain, the Philippines and Brazil. ?Quaker Foods North America Frito-Lay International manufactures, markets, sells and distributes salty and sweet snacks. Products include Walkers brand snack foods in the United Kingdom, Smith’s brand snack foods in Australia, Sabritas brand snack foods and Alegro and Gamesa brand sweet snacks in Mexico. Many of our U. S. brands have been introduced internationally such as Lay’s and Ruffles brand potato chips, Doritos and Tostitos brand tortilla chips, Fritos brand corn chips and Cheetos brand cheese-flavored snacks. Principal international snack markets include Mexico, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Spain, the Netherlands, Australia and South Africa. International Channel Value Chain PepsiCo’s management team was decided to capturing strategic fit benefits within the business line-up throughout the value chain. Primary activities : †¢Supply Chain management oCombined corporate-wide procurement of product ingredients upon the acquisition of Quacker Oats †¢Producing / Manufacturing oShare marketed research information to better enable each division to develop new products likely to be hits with consumers, consolidated its purchasing to reduce costs, and manufactured similar products in common facilities whenever possible. oMaximize unutilized resources Packaging oCombined corporate-wide procurement of packaging materials upon the acquisition of Quacker Oats †¢Distribution and retailing oJoin distribution of Quacker snacks and Frito-Lay to reduce their distribution expenses oPower of One retailer alliance strategy to increase consumers tendency to purchase more than one product offered by PepsiCo during a store visit. †¢Sales and marketing oConsolidated sales and marketing functions of similar products to eliminate duplication of effort and to present one face to customers. Support Activities : †¢Human resource management PepsiCo respects individual differences in culture, ethnicity and color. PepsiCo is committed to equal opportunity for all employees and applicants. oCorporate program for training employees how to work and manage in an inclusive environment †¢Advertising oPepsi already had experiences in advertising their products internationally. If the other line business of PepsiCo wants to do advertising in some countries, they could learn and implement the advertising technique that already implemented by Pepsi and they also already have necessary information about the country. Diversification Strategy Financial Analysis SWOT Analysis Strengths †¢Broader but focused product line and outstanding brand reputation †¢Key strategies: products innovation, close relationships with distribute allies, international expansion, strategic acquisitions †¢Market leader for U. S. convenience food (21%) and liquid refreshments (26%) †¢Capturing strategic fit benefits within the business lineup throughout the value chain †¢Lack of capital constraints (High availability of FCF, projected as $15 billion between 2007-2009) Weaknesses Slow move into international bottled water market †¢Unequally distributed international sales of Quaker Oats Products (75% of international sales was accounted for by just six countries) †¢A large dependency on one business division in generating profits (Over 50 percent of the companys profits come from Frito-Lay North America) Opportunities †¢Promising international foods and beverages markets o$70 billion market for noncarbonated beverages in international market oHigh per capita consumption of snacks †¢The increase of health conscious consumers Threats †¢FTC’s 10-year prohibition on bundled beverages (Gatorade and PepsiCo soft drink products) contracts with retailers †¢The maturity of Food and Beverages industry Conclusion ?Increase the use of exclusivity agreements to boost their sales in key markets. This may make it harder to keep costs low but will ensure added revenues. ?Continue to expand with their â€Å"Human Sustainability†. PepsiCo should become more proactive in the health food/product marketplace rather than being reactive to the market trends. They need to improve their responsiveness and future projections to market trends and changes that can therefore allude to different product segments and target markets. The healthy eating market is a demographic that will continue to grow in the future, and will provide generous profits if Pepsi Co is able to obtain a large market share. ?Expand more into social benefits, especially for those in developing nations. Pepsi’s main competitor Coca Cola has implemented a water purification program for African Villages, which provides a valuable need and at the same time introducing their brand name where it was before unknown. If Pepsi followed this same ideology with food products and water purification it too would significantly increase brand recognition ? Capture more of the aging population’s market share. Pepsi is a company focused on a younger market hoping to repeat the worldwide success of Coca Cola in regards to brand loyalty with the generations born after 1980; however, there is still a large market with the Baby boomer demographic that they could break into. PepsiCo should expand into markets and market segments that they are currently not in, such as Asia, India, and South America, It will expand their market share at the global level and to increase their overall revenue. ?PepsiCo should improve their employee relations. It will create employees all over the world to promote the product both during their work day and in their personal life in order to create â€Å"word of mouth marketing†.

Philosophy of Business and The Teachings of Jesus †Business Essay

Philosophy of Business and The Teachings of Jesus – Business Essay Free Online Research Papers Philosophy of Business and The Teachings of Jesus Business Essay My philosophy of business is based on the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament. Jesus taught primary the form of story or parable. Many of these parables dealt with the theme of money, investments, and greed. Even though the parables were taught over two thousand years ago, I believe in a sense Jesus, gave us a prefect model of how to conduct business in today’s time. A persons’ worldview of life can demonstrate their perspective on life and their philosophy of business. WORLDVIEW According to the biblical book of Matthew, Jesus shares an important passage and for me it is a foundational for my worldview of life and business. Jesus is sharing with a crowd of people that find His teaching life changing. Jesus says in Matthew chapter six verses nineteen thru twenty one, â€Å"Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moth and rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.† These passages talks a lot more than just how handle and view money or treasures, they express the importance of having your heart or worldview in line with God’s heart or worldview because your heart is where you get your worldview. When explaining the term â€Å"worldview† James Olthuis, author of On Worldviews, says, â€Å"All the factors of life-biophysical, emot ional, rational, socioeconomic, ethical, and religious affect worldview.† I agree with Olthuis’ definition of worldview because all the factors of life will allow you to understand your role in life and, in turn, your role in life will demonstrate our worldview of life. The bible does not discuss in great detail how God created the world, rather its worldview assumes God created the world. The biblical view of creation is not in conflict with science; rather, it is in conflict with any worldview that starts without a creator. The world is not a product of blind chance and probability; God created it. The bible not only tells us that the world was created by God; more importantly, it tells us who God is. It reveals God’s personality, his character, and his plan for his creation. It also reveals God’s deepest desire: to relate to and fellowship with the people he created. All the factors in my life lead me to believe that I had a creator and I knew that through this â€Å"creator† I would be able to answer the age old question, â€Å"Who am I?†, and know the purpose and meaning of my life. The biblical passages of Genesis 1: 27, 28 and Genesis 2: 15 says, â€Å"So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them. God blessed them and said to the, â€Å"Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground. The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it.† These biblical scriptures give a clear understanding of how and why we were created. Knowing that we are made in God’s image and thus share many of his characteristics provides a sold basis for self-worth. Human worth is not based on possessions, achievemen ts, physical attractiveness, or public acclaim. Instead it is based on being made in God’s image. Whatever is stored in your heart is how you will live your life, Luke 6:45, â€Å"The good man brings good things out of the good stored up in his heart, and the evil man brings evil things out of the evil stored up in his heart. For out of the overflow of his heart his mouth speaks.† The heart is what the Lord looks at in man, 1 Kings 8: 39, â€Å"For you alone know the hearts of all men,† because it is with your heart that you can believe in Jesus and are justified, Romans 10:10, â€Å"For it is with your heart that you believe and are justified.† Jesus explains what is in a man’s heart in Mark chapter seven verse twenty thru twenty three, and Jesus says,† What comes out of a man is what makes him unclean. For from within, out of men’s hearts, come evil thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery, greed, malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly. All these evils come from inside and make a man unclean.† According to the biblical scriptures, a changed heart is the only key to have a relationship with God. The reason one needs a changed heart is because according to biblical book of Jeremiah chapter a heart that is unchanged is considered sinful and unacceptable to God, Romans 3:23, â€Å"For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.† Jeremiah seventeen verse nine, â€Å"The heart is deceitful above all things and beyond cure.† Jeremiah struggled with God and learned the nature of his heart and the human heart in general. Evil actions spring from the human heat, the center of reason and decision. Evil actions are rooted in an evil heart. Humans enjoy setting up rules, prejudices, taboos, and laws which define what is good and what is evil. The Pharisees had set up a long list of such traditional definitions for the Jews. Jesus reminded them that God, not humans, is the only source for defining what is evil. God defines evil in relations to humans by their desir es and intentions. Evil motives make us evil, so that we succumb to satanic temptation and to our own desires, thus committing evil actions. God makes it clear why we sin; it’s a matter of the heart. Our hearts have been inclined toward sin from the time we were born. It is easy to fall into the routine of forgetting and forsaking God. But man’s heart was not always unclean and sinful, it was pure and clean because God created humans so He could have a relationship with them. PROBLEMS OF HUMAN INDIVIDUALS It wasn’t until man chose to disobey God that man’s heart became unclean and sinful. According to the biblical book of Romans 5:12-14, â€Å"Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way came to all men, because all sinned. For before the law was given, sin was in the world. But sin is not taken into account when there is no law. Nevertheless, death reigned from the time of Adam to the time of Moses, even over those who did no sin by breaking a command, as did Adam, who was pattern of the one to come.† God created man and put him in a garden that would satisfy all of his desires and needs. In the middle of this garden God placed a tree call the tree of knowledge of good and evil and God commanded man not to eat from this tree or he would surely die. God created man with the ability to exercise free will and on day man made a decision that would change God’s plan for man and creation because man disobeyed God and ate from the tree, according to Genesis 3: 6 through 9. These verses show God’s desire to have fellowship with man. God wanted to be with them, but because of their sin they were afraid to show themselves. Sin had broken their close relationship with God because of Adam’s disobedience. Man’s ability to exercise free will caused man to sever the relationship with God and gave birth to sin. The sinful nature in man has a very powerful force. The sin in man’s life will take control of man’s actions, desires, and ultimately bring death, James 1:15, â€Å"Then, after desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin, and sin, when it is full-grown, gives birth to death.† The book, Business Through the Eyes of Faith, states that, â€Å"We were created to know God and have God’s view of reality; in knowing God we can come to know and do what is right in his sight; and in knowing God and doing right we can separate ourselves from evil and be holy.† With the worldview that all humans are created with a sinful nature, I can understand why immorality, injustice, lack of ethics, selfishness, disloyalty, and greed are part of everyday characteristic in people all over the business world. A perfect example of these characteristics can be seen by the actions of Martha Stewart and Enron. MEANING OF LIFE What makes for genuine human fulfillment and satisfaction in the long run can be answered by first understanding one’s worldview on life. I believe that there are truly two answers to the question â€Å"What is the meaning of life.† The first can be explained by the circle of life, in which, finding satisfaction and meaning in life changes from day to day because as humans grow each day their needs change. The other fulfillment in life can incorporate both the development of life and a spiritual one. My worldview on the meaning of life and what it means to find true fulfillment and satisfaction in life can only be found in doing the will of God. We all have a purpose in life, the prophet Jeremiah knew what his purpose was, according to Jeremiah 1:5. The Lord says to Jeremiah, â€Å"Before I formed you in the womb I knew you, before you were born I se you apart; I appointed you as a prophet tot eh nations,† even though our purpose in life may not be to become a prophet like Jeremiah, God know us, long before we are born or even conceived. In Isaiah 17:7-11, God sends a message to the people of Damascus, that He will completely destroy the city and everyone in it because the people of Damascus had stopped depending to God, and instead depended on their idols and own strength and no matter on how successful they were on their own strength, God’s judgment was sure. The primary contribution of this work may be a negative one. It forces the world’s claims to the good life to face the spot life of truth: work, pleasures, drink, sex, wealth, human abilities, knowledge, youthful pleasures- all entice us to follow them into paradise, hope and fulfillment. But God says we will reap grief and pain if we depend on temporal things to give us meaning in life. From creation, God created humans with a purpose and that was to have an intimate loving relationship and fellowship with Him, according Genesis 3: 8 and 9, which states, â€Å"then the man and his wife heard the sound of the Lord God as He was walking in the ga rden in the cool of the day, and they hid from the Lord God among the trees of the garden. But the Lord God called to the man, ‘Where are you?’†. There verses show God’s desire to have fellowship with man but because of sin, they hid from Him. Jesus’ own words describe for humans is to live an abundant life, John 10:10, â€Å"The thief comes only to steal, kill, and destroy; I have come they man may have life and have it to the full.† To experience the fullness of life that Jesus talks about in John 10:10, a life of abundance, a richer and fuller life can only be achieved when we do the will of God. I agree with King Solomon, the wisest man who ever lived had to say about true satisfaction and the meaning of life. Solomon searched for satisfaction almost as though he was conducting a scientific experiment. Through this process, he discovered that life without God is a long and fruitless search for enjoyment, meaning, and fulfillment, Ecclesiastes 2: 10 and 11, â€Å"I denied myself nothing my eyes desired; I refused my heart no pleasure. My heart took delight in all work, and this was the reward for all my labor. Yet when I surveyed all that my hands had done and what I had toiled to achieve, everything was meaningless, a chasing after the wind.† True happiness is not in our power to accumulate or attain because we will always want more. In addition, there are circumstances beyond our control that can snatch away our possessions or attainments. Solomon says how empty it is to pursue the pleasures that this life has to offer rather than a relationship with the eternal God. The search for pleasure, wealth, and success is ultimately disappointing according to Solomon. Nothing in the world can fill the emptiness and satisfy the deep longings in our restless hearts. Solomon tried to shake people’s confidence in their own efforts, abilities, wisdom and tried to direct them to faith in God as the only sound basis for living. Without God, there is no lasting reward or benefit in hard work. The certainty of death makes all merely human achievements futile. God has a pan for human destiny that goes beyond life and death. The reality of aging and dying reminds each individual of the end to come when God will judge each person’s life. Human wisdom does not contain all the answers. Knowledge and education have their limits. To understand life, we need the wisdom that can be found only in God’s word to us in the bible. PLACE OF BUSINESS As Christians in the business world, we are accountable to a higher calling and should do all work as if we are working for the Lord, Ephesians 6: 5 through 7, â€Å"Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear, and with sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ. Obey them not only to win their favor when their eye is on you, but like slaves of Christ, doing the will of God from your heart. Serve wholeheartedly, as you were serving the Lord, not men.† Paul instructions encourage responsibility and integrity on the job. Christian employees should do their job as if Jesus Christ were their supervisor. And Christian employers should treat their employees fairly and with respect. Although Christians may be at different levels in earthly society, we are all equal before God. He does not play favorites; no one is more important than anyone else. Paul’s instruction gives a perfect example of my foundation of my philosophy of business which can be found in t he parables of Jesus. The parable of the Rich Fool in Luke 12: 13 through 21 teach how God view money and the dangers of it. Jesus’ message about accumulation of wealth from this parable is that life is more than material good, our relationship with Him is far more important. Jesus says that the good life has nothing to do with being wealthy, so be on your guard against greed (the desire for what we don’t have). This is exact opposite of what society usually says. Advertisers spend millions of dollars to entice us to think that if we buy more and more of their products, we will be happier, more fulfilled, more comfortable. As Christians, we have to learn how to tune out expensive enticements and concentrate instead on the truly good life, living in a relationship with God and doing his work. The rich man in this parable died before he could begin to use what was stored in his big barns. Planning for retirement and preparing for life before death is wise, but neglecting life after death is di sastrous. No one can serve God and money, Matthew 6: 24, â€Å"No one can serve two masters. Either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will be devoted to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve both God and money.† Material things are not bad in themselves. They become bad when we place more importance on them than on our relationship with God. The parable of Talents in Matthew 14: 14 through 29 teach on stewardship. God gives time, gifts, and other resources according to our abilities, and he expects us to invest them wisely until he returns. We are responsible to use well what God has given us. The issue is not how much we have, but how well we use it. No one received more or less than he could handle. If he failed in his assignment, his excuse could not be that he was overwhelmed. Failure could come only from laziness. Christ taught accountability and faithfulness to God. Those faithful in managing received additional trusts. Life and all its possessions are our trust from God. We are responsible to mange our time, abilities, and possessions so God and His kingdom will receive the greatest return. Serving God’s purposes in the world gives value to money and goods. Giving to meet the needs of fellow Christians is one way of serving Christ. We must daily seek opportunities to minister to the poor, afflicted, and s uffering of our world. Our time, abilities, and money are not ours in the first place; we are just caretakers, not owners. Contrary to popular belief on the Christian’s viewpoint of money, this is that money is the root of all evil. Jesus never condemns money in itself; he condemns the idea of making money more important than serving Him. Money and possessions is a gift from God, Ecclesiastes 5:19, â€Å"when God gives any man wealth and possessions, and enables him to enjoy them, to accept his lot and be happy in his work-this is a gift of God.† God has intended man to enjoy His gifts, even possessions and wealth, but only when man puts Him first, and not money. In conclusion, the very foundation of my business philosophy is trust God, and to remain firm in the belief that everything belongs to Him. Research Papers on Philosophy of Business and The Teachings of Jesus - Business EssayCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoMind TravelHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayHip-Hop is ArtMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalWhere Wild and West MeetAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementResearch Process Part One

Change Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Change Project - Essay Example Change is always good and all people pursue change but only a few succeed. What is needed to enable one succeed is to first trust and belief that it is possible to transform one’s ways. It is common to her people claim that people do not change. Such claims are made by people who do not belief that change is possible and therefore are categorized in the group of individuals who find it difficult to alter their ways. It is important to note that it is not enough to belief in change alone. It is also crucial that one beliefs in self and his or her abilities which will facilitate the actions which favor change. Change occurs through various processes or mechanisms. Emotions are the major drivers of change. These are the feelings within an individual and they are caused by thoughts, experiences or influence from other people or even situations. The emotions of a person stem from the mind through reactions to various stimuli within our environment. Good emotions drive a person to change so that the good feelings are retained. Negative emotions also lead to change as a way of avoiding what leads to that change. For example emotions which arise from a person’s experience of an accident results to a positive change of behavior in pursuit of avoidance of such a situating in the future Psychological Perspectives on Four Types of Change (Whitbourne 49). Behavior is another mechanism involved in the change process. The behavior of a person includes the normal actions and reactions of a person during various situations and desires. People commonly relate change to change of behavior. This demonstrates the central role of behavior in the change process. Therefore change in behavior is partial or complete alteration of one’s way of doing things as a result of either internal or external motivation. Changing behavior may be very difficult because it requires a powerful will of the mind for it to be possible. Without

Drug and Alcohol Abuse in Teenagers Research Paper

Drug and Alcohol Abuse in Teenagers - Research Paper Example Some researchers have maintained that in the society, the percentage of cutters and percentage of individuals with eating disorders are similar. Compared with non-mutilators, self-mutilating teenagers were significantly more likely to have an eating disorder, and about 61% of the self-injurers may report current or past eating disorders. In a study of 2525 Australian teenagers Patton et al. (1997) found psychiatric comorbidity to be the clearest factor associated with extreme dieting with 62% of extreme dieters reporting high levels of both anxiety and depression. With the literature demonstrating evident relationships between these three disorders, namely, cutting behaviour, eating disorders, and alcohol and drug abuse, it appears these are comorbid conditions which originate early on life. If the parameters of these conditions and their interrelationships can be elucidated through the literature, this would enhance knowledge about these conditions. This enhanced knowledge can be then used in the school programmes directed to the teenagers, where the counsellors and teachers can make use of this information through specially designed training programmes for support in dealing with these issues in their students. Aim The aim of the study is to explore the comorbidity of three classes of self-harm within teenagers: cutting behavior, eating disorders, and alcohol and/or drug abuse. As a result of the study, develop a training program for school counselors and teachers to utilize for support in dealing with these issues. Objectives Identify the relationship between cutting behaviour, eating disorders and alcohol/drug abuse. Increase awareness and understanding between the relationship between cutting behaviour, eating disorders and alcohol/drug abuse. Develop an innovative training program with the aim of improving client outcomes. Evaluate the effectiveness of school counselors as a method of support to those who self harm and have eating disorders. Review of Literature Strategy Methodology is important to fill in the intellectual vacuum that may be associated with a research question, and therefore, there is a need to pinpoint the context of a research within the existing knowledge base. Since there is a considerable body of existing literature depicting the studies in several areas of science and practice, while performing a literature review, it is pertinent and important to perform the review in a systematic

Jean Baudrillards Disneyworld Company Theory Analysis

Jean Baudrillards Disneyworld Company Theory Analysis In his essay Disneyworld Company (1996), Jean Baudrillard suggests that we are living within an immediate synchronism of all the places and all the periods in a single a-temporal virtuality. Please explain this statement, referencing at least two contemporary digital examples. In his statement ‘an immediate synchronism of all the places and all the periods in a single a-temporal virtuality‘, Baudrillard is addressing the gap between what we can see as the known and the experienced (Baudrillard, 1996). It is in this sense that Baudrillard is writing against the notion of human nature and revealing only experience as the real and knowledge as merely the imagined. It is due to this gap that Baudrillard is then able to show that virtuality has begun to replace our real perceptions. To understand this in full we must investigate his and other philosopher’s thoughts regarding the digital age in greater detail. Informed primarily by the role that intelligence and sensual perception plays as it is applied to experience and knowledge, Baudrillard looked at the role of subjectivity as it related to both the objective and the phenomenological world. Beginning his enquiry into humanity and reality and its relationship to the world, Baudrillard focused upon the condition of the free world and its growing technologies with an emphasis that its Medias had placed upon commercialisation, imagery and art consumption. Baudrillard spoke of the new emphasis on the philosophy of self fulfilment suggesting that, ‘Through planned motivation we find ourselves in an era where advertising takes over the moral responsibility for all of society and replaces a puritan morality with a hedonistic morality of pure satisfaction, like a new state of nature at the heart of hyper civilisation’ (Baudrillard, 1968, p.3) After prescribing this current philosophical and moral reality that he believed informed the condition for humanity in the west, Baudrillard then turned to a notion of subject / object consciousness in an attempt to define a link between our knowledge and our experience. Detailing a consumer-able condition that pertained very strongly to post modern, capitalist living, Baudrillard concluded that the relationship between the subject and object now formed the living consciousness of an abstracted life between what he/she identifies with and what is signified in the actual consummation of any chosen object, such as an image, by stating that, ‘We can see that what is consumed are not objects but the relation itself signified and absent, included and excluded at the same time it is the idea of the relation that is consumed in the series of objects which manifests it.’ (Baudrillard, 1967, p.11) What Baudrillard does here is implement the idea of a simulated code acting as our knowledge, rather like that of a robot with artificial intelligence, that works by replacing the old humanised ideological frameworks that once informed society and acted as the gel between experience and knowledge / subject and object. These driving forces once born of experience communicated through culture and language in the forms of social exchange and communal ideology were seen by Baudrillard as being the premise of the image. In this we see that Baudrillard is showing how this simulated code informs a new humanity, devoid of natural origin, that does not live out a life according to cultural meaning that is supported by a communal language, but instead acts out an imagined life that can be understood and identified by its relationship to the values apparent within the code or what Bakhtin called the ‘relationship of the other’ essentially, placing life itself as a simulated relati onship to a tructural code of knowledge. (Bakhtin, 1993). Writing on the subsequent implications of this reality that he defined as hyper-reality and documenting the cultural shift that supported the change from registering external behaviour of a subject as an indication of a subjective response to the recognition of the other as an objective image of simulated experience, Baudrillard suggested that, ‘A whole imagery based on contact, a sensory mimicry and a tactile mysticism, basically ecology in its entirety, comes to be grafted on to this universe of operational simulation, multi-stimulation and multi response. This incessant test of successful adaptation is naturalised by assimilating it to animal mimicry. , and even to the Indians with their innate sense of ecology tropisms, mimicry, and empathy: the ecological evangelism of open systems, with positive or negative feedback, will be engulfed in this breach, with an ideology of regulation with information that is only an avatar, in accordance of a more flexible patter.’ (Baudrillard, 1976, p.9) With this we can see that all cultures have become divorced from a natural reality born of experience and that the ideas of a structured culture have become replaced by a gap that is filled with the virtual. In this sense, life, according to Baudrillard, is one of virtual imagery that is then rationalised against a simulated code rather than an intrinsic relationship with nature. Essentially, this ideological code acting as virtual knowledge informs us of linear time and space and so distorts our experience of life and existence. The virtual imagery presented to us via global technology and media, such as the internet, then reinforces our application to this reality and gives us our user identity that replaces the old systems devised of actual or phenomenological reality. Scepticism towards global medias, technologies and the growing dependency that humanity and society had begun placing upon the cultural apparatus of the globe was put forward by Marxist philosopher Seigfried Kracaue rs in his concerns about the mass consumption of art. This indicated that reality of the working masses was hidden under the illusion (or virtuality) of mass produced, distributed and unrelated art (Kracauer, 1963). Expanding upon the ideas of mass consumption and art put forward by Kracauer, contemporary Walter Benjamin introduced the notion of time and space to this idea. Focusing upon the history of technological progression and its relationship to art and social reality, Benjamin suggested that, ‘Even the most perfect reproduction of a work of art is lacking in one element its presence in time and space, its unique existence as the place where it happens to be. This unique existence of the work of art determined the history to which it was subject throughout the time of existence. This includes the charges which it may have suffered in physical condition over the years as well as the various changes of its ownerships. The traces of the first can be revealed only by chemical or physical analysis which it is impossible to perform on a reproduction; changes of ownership are subject to a tradition which must be traced from the situation of the original’ (Benjamin, 1935, p.1) Bringing the role of time and space into the capitalist reproduction of art, Benjamin was able to expand upon Kracauer’s notion that this art was resistant to nature, the individual, the nation and the community. What Benjamin was then able to suggest was that firstly, any one piece of culture belongs to the mass production of art that determines it, and that secondly, every cultural artefact cannot stand free of the time and space in which it was presented as without its mass, it has no meaning or cultural apparatus from which it can be signified or understood (Benjamin, 1935). We can see from this that both Kracauer and Benjamin devised a rationale that applied to the placing of the ideological and virtual conceptual framework within the technological reality of global production. More contemporary thinkers and writers that have concerned themselves with this role of global media and their advancing technologies in the current global condition, hae often supported these view s providing evidence for the onus placed upon imagery in the process. For instance, in his text War and Peace in the Global Village writer Marshall McLuhan commented directly upon the growing dependency of western cultures mass media technologies. The global village mentioned in the title referred to the relationship between the people of the global cities and the mass culture that they consumed and were informed by. In particular, this text observed the actual impact that new technologies such as television and news had on cultural perception and indicated how it affected the perception of time within that perception, suggesting that it was being used to artificially construct a regional global identity based upon a virtual history and world based upon linear time and imagined geographies. For instance, information readily received from actual and real events in the world made the concept of a world and its state of being a direct part of one’s own naturalised condtion and e xperience. Essentially, as this mass of information could be freely accessed by anyone among the global village at any time, then the information could be seen as a virtual universalising reality. Furthermore, using an example of contemporary war coverage, McLuhan was able to demonstrate a clear biasness that was present in the then contemporary manipulation of mass technologies so that invading troops could be portrayed as ‘military contractors‘. He termed this as ’dichotomization’, which would offer two points of view both pertaining to the culture / counter culture of the presiding mass (McLuhan, 1963). This is the gap between knowledge and experience that Baudrillard was referring to, in which he believed synchronisation could flood the space now rendered free of actual time and actual space and portray the virtual as the real. Although we can see that both Kracauer and Benjamin’s theories of mass reproduction and McLuhan’s findings on the perceptions of technological medias are still relevant and apply to the presentation of the global world that we now find ourselves deeply immersed in, other theorists have offered another approach, implying that Kracauer and Benjamin’s theories contained a fatalistic scepticism that was born of the early twentieth century western modernist perspective. For instance, concerned with the notion of technological expansion, mass culture and the effects of globalisation, contemporary cultural theorist Homi Bhabha engaged in a global perspective that aimed to critique the notion of mass reproduction and its over riding condition. Considering Kracauer and Benjamin’s conceptual analysis of the reproduction of the mass and observing the colonial effects placed upon other cultures, Bhabha positioned this dimension in the conemporary sense by emphasising that it also formed a part of the dichotomy of the mass. Having placed their theory of mass reproduction as one of global scepticism, that was bound by the cultural historicity of their western heritage as is represented by Baudrillard’s positioning of Disney Land as a producer of virtuality within the contemporary age, Bhabha then suggested a third way approach that stood outside of the virtual mass and could observe it organically, either as individual or as a community. Having positioned Kracauer and Benjamin’s theories as part of the dichotomy of the mass, Bhabha was then able to indicate that the essence of a true global perspective was born of organic community that could be found somewhere outside of the global mass; somewhere away from the ‘imaginary’ virtual debates of global inter-national territories and free of their dependencies upon linear and grand concepts of history and time elase (Bhabha, 1994). He suggested that the location of this else where was within the unbound psychology of the individual and not in the construct of their ideological positioning within the virtual time and space created by global media, technology and information. Engaging with Benjamin’s notion of time and space in this cultural reproduction, Bhabha reasoned that, ‘The temporality of negotiation or translation has two main advantages. First, it acknowledges the historical connectedness between the subject and object of critique so that there can be no simplistic, essentialist opposition between ideological misrecognition and revolutionary truth. The progressive reading is crucially determined by the adversarial or agonistic situation itself; it is effective because it uses the subversive, messy mask of camouflage and does not come like a pure avenging angel speaking the truth of a radical historicity and pure oppositionality. If one is aware of this heterogeneous emergence (not origin) of radical critique, then and this is my second point function of theory within the political process becomes double edged. It makes us aware that our political references and priorities the people, the community, class struggle, anti-racism, gender difference the assertion of an anti-imperialist, black or thir perspective are not there in some primord ial, naturalistic sense. They make sense [only] when they come to be constructed in the discourses of feminism, Marxism.’ (Bhabha, 1994, p.23) It is from this idea of mass, global communication and its accessible depictions of regionalism and linear time that Baudrillard states that there is a synchronism. This synchronism is understood by Baudrillard as the thing that is manipulated by Disneyland to enforce and reinforce an idea of what is real and what is not that as part of the process negates the actual experience of the object itself. Essentially for Baudrillard, through image Disneyland is set within an ideological and conceptual framework reinforced by mass imagery and perceived as being real rather than being virtual. Through the mass image, the reality of Disneyland appears to us as real as it accords to the simulated code that acts and has replaced our naturalised and cultured knowledge structures, without the real experience itself being captured within an experiential temporality. Therefore, it is through the ideology of image that we view the notion of Disneyland as being fixed and constant and not in a transie nt state of natural and ultural change as pertains to objects of the organic or civilised worlds. Essentially, it is through a display of established imagery that Disneyland can synchronise all the places and all the periods of the virtually known globe, and its many cultures, in a single a-temporal virtuality and replace any reality in the process. Bibliography Bakhtin, M., (1993) Toward a Philosophy of the Act. Ed. Vadim Liapunov and Michael Holquist. Trans. Vadim Liapunov. Austin: University of Texas Press Baudrillard, J., (1968) The System of Objects Taken from: The Order of Simulacra (1993) London: Sage. Baudrillard, J., (1976) Symbolic Exchange and Death Taken from: The Order of Simulacra (1993) London: Sage. Benjamin, W., (1935) The Work of Art in the Mechanical Age of Reproduction London: Harcourt. Bhabha, H., (1994) The Location of Culture New York: Routledge Kracauer, S., (1963) The Mass Ornament London: Harvard University Press. McLuhan, M., (1968) War and Peace in the Global Village Washington: Washington Post. Web Links Baudrillard, J., (1996) Disneyworld Company Paris: Liberation. Taken from: www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=158 Jean Baudrillard